Thursday, January 26, 2023

A Better Way To Deal With Crime

Is there a better way to deal with crime?

Since May 2020 there have been thirty-six cases where someone was allegedly killed that led to protests.  These cases have generally been painted as European-American policemen killing innocent African-Africans.

This has led to protest movements like “Black Lives Matter”.  While there is without a doubt systemic racism in some police departments, do the facts really support the narrative?

Of those thirty-six “killings”, one of them never happened.  The supposed man shot by the police was found to be alive and unharmed later.

Of the thirty-five actual killings, the police were not involved in twelve of them.  Three of those twelve killings were protesters and counter-protestors killing each other.

One of the remaining nine was three European-American civilians trapping and killing an African-American man.  The shooter was soon found guilty of first-degree murder and sentenced to prison.

The other eight were innocent bystanders not even involved in the protests.  Protesters simply massacred them, including six Asian-American women.

This is not to suggest that all protests have been violent.  The fact is that 93% of the protests were peaceful and without criminal activity.

However, out of 10,600 recorded protest that means that 742 of the protest were violent with criminal activity.  These are the ones that get most of the press.

In one of the twenty-three killings involving the police, a European-American police officer shot an innocent African-American man who was leaving a house while the officer was searching for a suspicious car.  The African-American man was armed only with a smart phone and in no way threatened the officer.  The officer is currently awaiting trial for murder.

In all the rest of the twenty-two killings involving police, the person killed was engaged in criminal activity.  In nineteen of those cases of the person was attempting to kill either the police or someone else. In one of those cases, the person who shot at the police survived being shot by the police.

In seventeen of these nineteen cases, police body cam footage, surveillance footage, and smartphone video by civilians all showed that the criminal indeed attempted to kill the police or someone one else before the police opened fire.  Since this is plainly shown on video, it is unreasonable to claim otherwise.

In one of these seventeen cases, the person killed was not the criminal, but was someone who was harboring the criminal when the criminal fired upon the police.  They knew that the criminal had a gun and was ready to shoot it out with the police before the police ever arrived.

In one of the remaining two killings of these nineteen, the police reported that the criminal pointed a gun at them while fleeing.  However, there is no video footage to collaborate their story.

In the last of these nineteen cases, a man opened fired on the police when he mistook pepper balls that the police had fired at a violent crowd of protestors for bullets.  The police then returned fire using bullets and killed the man who had shot at them.  If the protestors had remained peaceful, then the incident would have never happened.

In one of the remaining three killings, a police officer grabbed their gun instead of their taser by mistake.  The former police officer is currently in prison for first-degree manslaughter.

Of the remaining two killings, video footage shows that a European-American police officer killed a criminal who had taken his taser from him– who was not an African-American.  The European-American policeman is currently in prison for second-degree murder since there is no evidence that the man had posed any threat after the policeman had subdued him.

This leave George Floyd who became violent when the police attempted to put him in the squad car.  The police eventually subdued him and placed him hand-cuffed on the ground with one of the officers placing his knee on the back of his neck.

However, this made it difficult for George Floyd to breath and he quit resisting arrest.  Nonetheless, the officer continued to keep the pressure on his neck – even after George Floyd became unconscious.

George Floyd died while the other three police officers kept the crowd from taking action to rescue him.  This brutal killing was however captured on the cell phones of the crowd.

These four officers were all charged with criminal and civil charges.  The three European-American officers are in prison while the Asian-American officer is facing civil action.

The fact is that out of these thirty-five cases where someone was killed, there is only one case where an innocent African-American was killed by a European-American police officer.  There were four times as many protestors killed by other protesters and eight times as many innocent bystanders killed by protesters.

In all four cases where someone was not threatening the life of the police or other people, the police who did the killing went to prison.  There are simply no cases of European-American police officers killing innocent African-Americans and getting away with it.

Also, many of those killed in this violence were not African-Americans.  There were also European-Americans as well as Hispanic-Americans, Native Americans, Asian-Americans, and even foreigners included in those thirty-five killings.

In like manner, not all of the police involved in the killings were European-Americans.  There were police of the same American ethnicities as those killed – including African-Americans.

The entire narrative presented by Black Lives Matters is obviously a lie.  They have tried to paint every incident as European-American police killing innocent African-Americans – including one case where two European-American protestors were killed by other European-Americans.

While ninety-three percent of the protests have been peaceful and lawful as noted, the other seven percent have been turned violent by more criminals.  They have done this as a cover to conduct more criminal activity.

They have looted and destroyed the neighborhoods where they turned these protests into violent protests.  Often it was a case of African-American criminals looting and destroying the businesses and homes of other African-Americans.

They used the protesters as a buffer between them and the police while they carried out their crimes.  These crimes have included at least twenty-seven murders.

This is four more than the number of killings involving the police – of which most were indisputably to protect either the police or civilians from harm by the criminals who were killed.  So, these protests have actually caused more innocent people to be killed than the police who are the target of the protests.

Plainly we need a better way to deal with crime.

Not all of the protests were over killings.  For example, the Red House protests in Oregon were over the foreclosure of a red house that had been in the same family for 65 years.

The story painted by the media was a case of European-Americans developers unjustly taking the property of a mixed African-American / Native American family for their own greedy purposes.  However, the facts tell a very different story.

The original owners sold the house to one of their children in 1995 when they moved to a new home outside of the city.  Seven years later, their grandson killed an 83-year-old Jewish street preacher to the homeless and injured his wife while driving with a suspended license.

So, the new owners took out a mortgage on the red house to pay lawyers to help their son get a shorter prison sentence for vehicular manslaughter.  They made the payments for the next two years without incident when they refinanced with another mortgage company for better terms.

Then in December of 2016, their mortgage was bought by another company.  After that, they started receiving bills from both companies.

Instead of sending payments to the original company until the matter could be sorted out, they refused to pay either company – claiming that they were sovereign citizens and neither company had legal jurisdiction to make them pay their mortgage.  As a result, they missed the next seventeen payments.

So in 2018, the company that bought their mortgage foreclosed on the red house while they still owed $97,000.  That company then sold the red house to a local developer for $260,000.

The family then had their criminal son, who was now out of prison, fight against the foreclosure - instead of hiring a lawyer who could have prevented it.  Their criminal son based his legal fight of foreclosure on claims that the laws of America did not apply to his family.

So they refused to leave.  Soon, their criminal son was using social media to gain support by making the same claims of not being subject to the laws of America that white supremacist had used when they took over a wildlife refuge in 2016.

In September 2020, their legal options ran out when the Ninth Court of Appeals ruled that the foreclosure had been done in accordance with the law.  It also noted that the family had been given every opportunity to avoid foreclosure.

However, they still refused to leave claiming a Covid-19 exemption.  However, the judge ruled that since they had been convicted in 2018, that the Covid-19 exemption did not apply to them.

During this time, their criminal son had set up a Go Fund Me account to help them with their case.  However, he refused to use any of the money to hire a competent lawyer to avoid foreclosure.

So, the family was finally escorted out of the red house by law enforcement four years after they had made their last payment on their mortgage.  The police then began putting up construction fencing around the house with signs that it had been foreclosed.

People began assaulting the police when they did this.  Soon there were protests against “oppression of black and indigenous people of color” that resulted in the protesters setting up an autonomous zone around the red house.

This soon led to more confrontations between the protestors and law enforcement when the mayor of Portland refused to recognize their claims that the laws of the United States did not apply to the area around the Red House.  Soon, there were accusations from both sides of violence being used by the other side.

Finally, the local developer offered to sell the red house back to the family for the price he had paid in 2018 - $260,000 - to bring an end to the protests and avoid more violence.  The family had raised more than that in their Go Fund Me, so they agreed to this, if the city of Portland would not arrest the protestors on the provision that they took down the barriers that they set up.

The city agreed and most of the protestors left after taking down the barriers.  However, a number of homeless people refused to leave the red house and the vacant lot next to it.

The homeless people were eventually removed from the red house, but the family still could not return until they legally had the property transferred back to their name.  They need a lawyer to do that but have refused to hire one - despite the additional $55,000 that they had collected in their Go Fund Me account.

So, the Red House story is really a story of one criminal activity after another.  The entire incident would have never happened if their criminal son had not killed an innocent man while illegally driving with a suspended license.

Plainly we need a better way to deal with crime.

Around 1970, America began dealing with criminals differently than it had in the past.  The focus shifted from punishment in prison for crimes to community-based efforts to correct criminal behavior such as parole and providing psychological counseling in prison.

This soon led to a wave of new prisons being built to accommodate these goals.  However, the cost per incarceration of each prisoner also went up to provide the services needed to carry out this program.

By 1990, it was apparent that this approach was not working too well as recidivism (committing the same kind crime after release) rates went up dramatically.  So, Americans passed laws requiring longer sentences including “three strikes” laws that gave life sentences for offenders who committed those crimes for a third time.

This lowered crime rates initially since there were less criminals on the streets to commit crimes.  However, it created other problems.

The prisons were soon filled to capacity as people serving life sentences continued to occupy more and more of the cells in the prisons.  As a result, more first and second offenders had to be released earlier and earlier until more prisons could be built.

The recidivism rate among first offenders went up dramatically.  They knew by experience that they could get caught one more time and be released soon.

This also emboldened a whole new generation of criminals who knew that they would not be in prison for long for their first offense.  In some places, going to prison once became a rite of passage for young men who saw their gang as their family while their fathers were serving time in prison.

The crimes that were being committed by second time offenders also became more serious.  The recidivism rate for violent crimes, robbery, and sexual offenses went up the highest amount.

During this same time, the number of people imprisoned while awaiting trial also increased dramatically.  These newer laws meant to be tougher on crime raised the cost of bail to the point that many people had no choice but to remain incarcerated until trial – even if they were proven to be completely innocent at trial.

During this same time, prison labor was largely outlawed in most states.  This increased the cost of incarceration since the prisoners were no longer helping to pay the expenses.

The prisoners were also no longer learning useful employment skills due to the lack of prison labor.  Currently, only 1% of prisoners are employed resulting in an unemployment rate of 99% among prisoners.

So, the prisons have effectively became trade schools for young first offenders where the only skill that they learn in prison is how to become a better criminal.  Their teachers are the hardened third time offenders serving life sentences.

This has created a vicious cycle that is guaranteed to produce ever increasing prison populations.  Indeed, since 1970 the US population is about 175% of what it was in 1970 but the number of people imprisoned is seven times as high.

The means that the prison population has gone up about four times as fast as the population of those paying for the prisons.  At the same time, the cost of incarcerating each prisoner has also increased.

The result is that the cost of the entire prison system has increased dramatically.  The amount that each taxpayer pays for this system is more than what they pay for the k-12 education system or their state higher education institutions in some states.

Plainly we need a better way to deal with crime.

In response to these costs, some states have changed some of their laws to decriminalize some crimes like drug dealing or sexual crimes like child molestation.  As a result, these states have statistics that show that they have lowered their crime rates.

What if other states followed their logic and simply decriminalized everything including murder, armed robbery, and rape?  By decriminalizing everything, they could then claim that they have lowered their crime rates to zero.

In reality, decriminalizing crime does not make anyone or their property safer.  Decriminalizing crime only produces statistics that make the situation look better than it really is.

Another proposed solution is that we need to somehow improve the environment that people live in and then they would no longer become criminals.  Their entire plan for lowering crime rests on the idea that people become criminals because environmental factors like poverty turn them into criminals.

Yet, there are countless cases where two brothers growing up together in the same environment of extreme poverty and high crime rates turned out completely different.  One of them would become a doctor that operated a free clinic part-time in their neighborhood while the other one became a gang banger that killed a nine year old girl in a drive by.

I personally know the crushing weight of poverty and I also know that people have a choice.  When I was in high school I worked 90 hours a week as a dishwasher to help out my family while other people in my school made ten times as much money selling drugs.

Forty years later, I sometimes have paid more in tithes than some of them made that year.  I am certainly doing better than the ones who died while carrying out their criminal activities.

The truth is that poverty does not cause crime, but crime causes poverty.  Show me a family that continues in criminal behavior generation after generation, and I will show you a family that is in poverty generation after generation.

It can safely be said that our current system is broken.  It is expensive and completely ineffective.

Plainly we need a better way to deal with crime.

We do not need an expensive government study to find a better way to deal with crime.  We need to look no further than our own history.

The Pilgrims had an unprecedented low crime rate with very little money spent on prisons.  This is because prisons were only for holding the accused until they went on trial or while waiting for sentencing to be carried out.

While awaiting trial, the accused were given a copy of the Book of Truth (The Bible) to read.  They were encouraged to use their stay in prison to reflect on their life and repent of their crimes.

The accused did not spend long awaiting trial.  Depending on the time of day and the day of the week when they were arrested, they could go on trial as early as that same day and rarely did they wait more than three days.

All trials were held in public and in the daytime.  Anyone could watch the proceedings as long as they did not disrupt them.

The Pilgrims were very serious about keeping order in the court.  Those who were disruptive could be removed from the court and beaten if they refused to leave.

The innocence or guilt of the accused was determined by a group of twelve elderly men who were trained in these matters and had a record of living in accordance with the law themselves.  These elderly men could ask the accused and the witnesses any questions that they needed to gain a clearer understanding of the matter.

A judge oversaw the proceedings to ensure everything was done orderly and the accused was given due process.  The judge had the final say in sentencing if the elders found the accused guilty.

When the accused went on trial, they were presumed innocent until proven guilty.  The charges against them were read and the witnesses against them were called.

The witnesses were given an oath and reminded that false testimony would be dealt with harshly.  In fact, if their testimony was found to be false, then whatever the punishment was for the crime that they falsely testified about would be applied to them instead of the accused.

If the accused was found to be guilty by the panel of elders, then they would sentence the accused based on the crime and how often the accused had been found guilty of crimes before.

Crimes like murder, kidnapping, rape, and child molestation carried an automatic death penalty.  There was no variance due to gender, social status, ethnicity, or anything else of either the criminal or the victim.  This also guaranteed that there would be no repeat offenders of these types of crimes.

Property crimes carried a penalty of restitution based on the value of what was stolen or damaged.  If the accused could not pay the injured party, then they became indentured servants to the injured party to make restitution.

They became indentured servants for a maximum of seven years.  Their debt was considered paid off at the end of their servitude and they were given the things needed to make a fresh start.

In cases where physical harm was done to the victim, the same physical harm was done to the guilty party.  It was literally an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.

In other cases, like slander, disturbing the peace, public drunkenness, harassment of others, and the like, the penalty was flogging.  How many stripes were given was determined by the elders based on the circumstances and how many times the guilty party had been punished before for similar crimes.

First time offenders typically received a few stripes with the number of stripes increasing to a limit of thirty-nine for repeat offenders.  However, there were few repeat offenders once they experienced immediate painful consequences for their actions.

If a case was too difficult for the twelve elders to agree on a verdict, then it was sent to the governor to pass judgement.  The guilty party could also appeal to have their case reviewed by the governor, who could overturn the verdict or lower the punishment of the judge.  In cases where the penalty was death the appeal to the governor was effectively automatic.

Once the final judgment was rendered, it was carried out immediately and in public provided there was sufficient time before sundown.  If there was not, the guilty party was placed back in the prison until sunrise the next business day when the sentence would be carried out.

One reason for public punishment was that public humiliation was part of the punishment.  The other reason was to deter others from committing those crimes.

Executions were done by hanging the convicted on a tree at the outskirts of town, usually along the main road.  The body of the condemned was left hanging until sundown.

Once any punishment other than execution was carried out, it was over.  Their debt was paid, and they were given a fresh start to do better.  They did not continue to pay for their crime for the rest of their lives by being denied the same rights or place in society that they had before they committed the crime.

Most people changed their ways as a result of this.  They had learned that crime did not pay, and that they would be accepted if they did what was right.

The Pilgrim model worked so well that it was replicated by other colonies like the Massachusetts Bay Colony controlled by the Puritans.  However, that colony added other standard English punishments like the stocks as well.

By the time of the American Revolution, all of the colonies had adopted some variation of the Pilgrim model as part of the legacy of the Pilgrims.  As a result crime rates were much lower than any country in Europe.

However, the Pilgrim model began to be replaced even though it was the best way to deal with crime.

Alexis de Tocqueville was sent to America by France in 1831 to determine why the crime rates in America were so low.  However, by this time parts of America were building prisons like Europe.

In those areas, crime was considerably higher than those that still followed the Pilgrim model.  Yet, building prisons was the trend in areas where large groups of Europeans had immigrated as the states grew.

So, President Andrew Jackson began working to move the entire country away from the Pilgrim model to a new prison model that had the goal of reforming criminals through labor instead of deterring crime through punishment.  He began the first large scale prison system in America that used prisoners as a source of cheap labor.

This left Alexis de Tocqueville perplexed.  He did not understand where the Pilgrim model had come from and why it was being abandoned after it had produced the lowest crime rates in the world.

He did not understand that from the time of Plymouth colony there had been division in America like that between Pilgrims and Strangers.  It was only after he attended a rural church that he began to understand the American Spirit.

The Pilgrims were not Reformers like the Puritans.  They were not even just Separatists – they were Browning Separatists.

The Pilgrims followed the teachings of Robert Browne – who taught them to use the Law of Truth (Torah aka The Law) in everything that they did.  As a result, the Pilgrim model was based on the commandments of the Law of Truth for dealing with crime.

This better way of dealing with crime included the following:

Judges were placed over courts of various sizes and trained in the Law of Truth so they could judge righteously (Exodus 18:20-21).  The judges had to be wise and well respected in their community (Deuteronomy 1:13-16).

The judges were to judge everyone fairly according to the judgments of the Law of Truth and not to let anyone intimidate them (Deuteronomy 1:16-17).  The judges were to judge impartially and not take bribes from anyone (Deuteronomy 16:19).

The judges and elders were to show no favoritism in judgment based on social status or wealth (Leviticus 19:15).  The law was to be applied equally to all people regardless of their ethnicity (Leviticus 24:22).  The disadvantaged were not to be punished for crimes that they did not commit (Deuteronomy 24:17).

All trials were to be held in public (Deuteronomy 16:18).  Crimes required two or three witnesses for the accused to be found guilty (Deuteronomy 19:15).

These witnesses were examined to verify that their witness was truthful (Deuteronomy 19:16-18). If their witness was false, then the penalty of the crime that they accused the innocent party was done to them instead– even an eye for an eye or execution (Deuteronomy 19:19-21).

However, harder cases where there was any uncertainty were given to the supreme ruler of the nation (Exodus 18:22).  He acted as the supreme judge who had the final say in all appeals or cases where it was not easy to determine the right judgment (Deuteronomy 1:17).

These harder cases were to be tried in public at the place appointed as the supreme court of the nation (Deuteronomy 17:8-9).  The judgment reached there was final and was to be carried out without any variance (Deuteronomy 17:10-11).  Anyone who sought to prevent the judgment from being carried out was executed (Deuteronomy 17:12-13).

Anyone who purposely planned and murdered another person was executed without exception or refuge (Exodus 21:12-14).  This included masters who killed their indentured servants or slaves (Exodus 21:20).

Anyone who killed another person on purpose was executed, but if they killed an animal, then they had to give the owner another animal of equal value (Leviticus 24:17-18).  The only payment acceptable for purposely killing someone was the life of the murderer (Leviticus 24:21).

However, if someone killed someone else by accident, then they could flee to a city of refuge to be protected from the family of the person they killed until the crime could be investigated (Numbers 35:11-15).

If the investigation showed that they had not killed the person on accident, but rather on purpose, then they were handed over to the family of the victim to be executed (Numbers 35:16-21).  The elders that had jurisdiction over the murderer would hand them over to the family for execution (Deuteronomy 19:11-13).

If the investigation showed that they had killed the person on accident, then they had to remain in the city of refuge until the death of the High Priest to be safe from the family of the victim (Numbers 35:22-28).

Also no monetary settlement could be reached instead of execution or banishment to the city of refuge (Numbers 35:31-32).  The parents or children of the convicted could not be executed for the crime of their family member (Deuteronomy 24:16).

However, no one could be executed for murder unless there were at least two witnesses (Numbers 35:30).  These witnesses had to begin the execution process (Deuteronomy 17:6-7).

Anyone who kidnapped another person was executed (Exodus 21:16).  Anyone who raped a woman was executed (Deuteronomy 22:25-27).

Anyone who was executed was then hung from a tree for all to see until sundown (Deuteronomy 21:22-23).

Anyone who assaulted another person had to pay for their recovery time and all medical expenses (Exodus 21:18-19).  If they caused the other person serious injury, then they would be injured in the same way – it was an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth (Leviticus 24:19-20).

If someone hit a pregnant woman and she miscarried, then they could be beaten within an inch of their life by her husband and then forced to pay her husband as much money as the judges determined (Exodus 21:22).  If the woman was injured or killed a result of the assault, then the same injury would be afflicted on the one who assaulted her – including execution if she died (Exodus 21:23-25).

If a master seriously injured their indentured servant or slave, then their servitude or slavery was over without owing anything to the master (Exodus 21:26-27).

If a thief stole a work animal that could not be recovered, then they had to pay back five of those work animals to compensate for lost work done by the animal plus the trouble caused by their actions, but if they stole other livestock that could not be recovered, then they had to pay back only four of those livestock since no work was lost (Exodus 22:1). If the stolen animal was recovered, then they only had to pay back twice as much to compensate for the trouble they caused (Exodus 22:4).

If the thief was breaking in at night and killed, then the killer of the thief was innocent since they could not tell whether or not the thief intended to do them harm but if they could see that the thief was not trying to harm them, then they would be executed if they killed the thief (Exodus 22:2-3).

The thief also had to pay back double if they stole money or anything else from people (Exodus 22:7).  The same was true for someone who stole from someone who had entrusted them with anything (or those who wrongfully accused them of stealing) (Exodus 22:8-9).

If someone took anything from someone through violence or deceit, then they had to restore it plus one fifth of the value of the item (Leviticus 6:2-5).  If the victim had died, then they had to make restitution to the nearest relative of the victim or pay the restitution as a fine (Numbers 5:5-7).

Indentured servitude was for only six years and ended in the seventh year (Exodus 21:2).  If a thief could not pay the restitution, then they were sold into indentured servitude to make restitution (Exodus 22:3).

People who caused trouble for other people by rioting and the like could be sentenced to flogging by the judges and the sentence was carried out immediately (Deuteronomy 25:1-2).  However, they could not be flogged with more than forty stripes (Deuteronomy 25:3).

This is still the best way to deal with crime:

The Man of Truth (Yeshua HaMashiach aka Jesus Christ) did not come to end the commandments of the Law of Truth but to show us how to apply them righteously (Matthew 5:16-20).  He said that the preaching of the gospel in no way brought these commandments to an end (Luke 16:16-17).

The Man of Truth advocated of flogging those who committed crimes worthy of flogging (Luke 12:47-48).  This causes the flogged to turn away from a life of crime (Hebrews 12:11).

The Man of Truth said that those who committed any crime that required the death penalty under the Law of Truth should die (Matthew 15:3-6).  He said that no one could change the penalty for these crimes (Mark 7:9-13).

The Man of Truth said that the death penalty could only be applied as a result of the righteous judgment demanded by the Law of Truth (John 7:18-24).  He would not condemn anyone to death without two or three witnesses (John 8:3-11).

Even the criminal who repented on the cross acknowledged that the death penalty was just for his crimes (Luke 23:39-41).  In like manner, Paul the Jew (Shaul aka Saul aka the Apostle Paul) said that if he had broken any law with the death penalty then he deserved to be executed (Acts 25:8-11).

Paul the Jew also said that governments were meant to be a terror to criminals and are doing the will of the Father of Truth (YHVH aka God aka THE LORD) when they execute those who commit death penalty crimes (Romans 13:3-4).  He said that laws were made for dealing with criminals and were not a problem for anyone else when the laws are carried out in the intended manner (1 Timothy 1:8-9).

However, America has moved away from this better way to deal with crime as it has moved away from the Book of Truth.

After President Andrew Jackson built up the first wave of prisons, the ideas of rehabilitative labor to replace the Pilgrim model continued to gain in popularity.  By the time the Civil War began in 1861, rehabilitative labor and prisons had replaced the Pilgrim model almost everywhere in America, except in rural areas in some of the southern states and the sparsely populated territories in the west.

After the Civil War ended in 1865 AD, the movement to replace the rehabilitative labor system began to gain momentum.  Like the previous change in dealing with crime, the movement for this change began in the cities along the east coast where most of the immigrants from Europe arrived at.

As the new European immigrants began to move westward to the large cities of the north that went from New York City to Minneapolis this movement went with them.  After their descendants began to move to cities along the west coast from Seattle to San Diego, these ideas became popular there as well.

So through a subtle influence, the prison system began to move even further from the Pilgrim model as rehabilitative labor prisons were replaced with prisons that focused on rehabilitation instead.  This caused a second wave of prison building to create more expensive prisons to accommodate the goals of rehabilitation.

However, by 1910 most states had adopted the rehabilitation model and crime rates had reached all-time highs in many places in America – especially violent offenders.  A disproportionate part of these violent offenders were these new European immigrants who had pushed for prisons to be changed from rehabilitative labor to rehabilitation.

The cities that had adopted this rehabilitation model were overran with crime.  The cities that were most overran were those from New York to Minneapolis and those along the west coast where these immigrants had effectively taken over.

In response, legislatures and law enforcement realized that the rehabilitation model was not working.  So by 1918, many states began replacing it with a retribution model instead that was closer to the Pilgrim model.

By 1930, almost all of the states as well as the federal government had replaced the rehabilitation model with the retribution model.  There was no new wave of expensive new prisons needed for the retribution system since prison populations soon went way down.

In fact, the retribution model was cheaper in almost all ways.  Prisoners either worked to help offset the cost of their incarceration or they were not fed.

Few modifications were needed to adopt the retribution model.  Mostly they consisted of things like building gallows and whipping posts with prisoners supplying the labor.

As a result crime, especially violent crime, began a sharp decline.  Of course, violent crime also went down because executed murderers and the like had no opportunity to become repeat offenders.

Within a decade, crime rates were the lowest they had been since the introduction of the rehabilitative labor model.  However, they were not as low as they had been under the Pilgrim model, and it was also more expensive.

However after America began fighting World War II in 1941, Americans were exposed to the failed ideas of Europe once again as well as the atrocities of the Nazis.  The Nazis had created a system of imprisoning and tormenting innocent people that went far beyond anything that existed in the retribution model.

After World War II ended in 1945, a new wave of Europeans came to America to escape the devastation caused by the ideas of Europe.  These immigrants had no connection to the Pilgrims and shared none of their values.

These immigrants largely moved to the same cities that the previous immigrants had moved to.  Soon they were pushing for an end of the retribution model from New York to Minneapolis as well as the cities along the west coast of the US.

These immigrants soon began working to change the prison system of America to be more like that of Europe – including Germany before Hitler rose to power.  This was the same system that had allowed Adolf Hitler to create the Holocaust instead of being executed for high treason.

By 1970, the US began building a third wave of prisons to accommodate their ideas.  This has taken American further from the Pilgrim model than any other time in history.

As a result crime rates, especially violent crime, have soared higher than those of 1910 in many cities, the prison system is overwhelmed with prisoners, recidivism rates are at an all-time high, incarceration costs have grown at an unsustainable rate, and many crimes have been decriminalized.

This moving far away from the Pilgrim model is really a symptom of a greater problem in America.  Americans no longer understand the meaning of liberty that is celebrated on Independence Day and has become disconnected from the values of the Pilgrims as shown by the disintegration of Thanksgiving.

In fact, America has become a nation of fools that has experienced a loss of power.  America has not answered the call of 9-11 because of the Great Deception taught in many of American congregations that no longer have the evidence of faith.

If we want to make America great again and avoid the death of America, then we need to return to the Pilgrim model.  Like the Founding Fathers, we need to recognize that we have reached a time for civil disobedience.

The day is coming when this better way of dealing with crime will return.

If the Pilgrim model had been applied, then most of these protests would not have ever occurred and none would have turned violent.  There simply would have been nothing to protest.

The dream of MLK would be a reality if America applied the Pilgrim model.  All six shades of brown would be treated the same under it.

The European-American police officer who shot an innocent and unarmed African-American man would have been executed.  The police officers of various ethnicities who killed the nineteen criminals of various ethnicities who were attempting to kill either them or a civilian would have all been acquitted.

There would not have been those twenty-seven murders along with massive property destruction by criminals who used the protests as a cover for their criminal activity.  They would have realized that crime does not pay if the Pilgrim model had been applied.

In fact, most of these criminals would have turned away from crime before reaching the point of attempting to murder someone, if they had been flogged for their earlier crimes.  They would have given up on looting long ago if they had to pay restitution for stealing or vandalism the first time that they were caught.

The European-American police officer who killed the African-American criminal when they struggled in the dark over a taser would have been acquitted since he could not clearly see that the criminal was no longer a threat to him.  The European-American police officer who killed George Floyd in broad daylight would have been executed since he could clearly see that George Floyd was no longer a threat to him.

Will America come to its senses and return to the Pilgrim model since it is a better way to deal with crime?  Perhaps not, but the day is coming when crime throughout the Earth will be dealt with in a way similar to the Pilgrim model.

The Man of Truth is going to make the Law of Truth the basis for the law of every nation on Earth - beginning with Israel (Isaiah 2:1-5).  This better way of dealing with crime will bring peace and prosperity to every ethnic group (Micah 4:1-4).

The resurrection of the Man of Truth makes it certain that he will apply this better way to deal with crime (Acts 17:31).  He will continue to do so until crime has been driven out of all the Earth (1 Corinthians 15:24-25).

However, the best way for a person to never become a criminal is to deal with the root cause of all crime.  It starts with recognizing that they were born with a criminal heart that is exceedingly wicked and deceitful above all things (Jeremiah 17:9).

This criminal heart must be replaced with a new heart that can obey the Law of Truth (Ezekiel 11:19-21).  Criminal minds cannot obey the Law of Truth (Romans 8:6-7).

For this reason the Man of Truth said that people must be born again (John 3:3-7).  Then they become a new person with a new heart and no longer have a criminal mind (2 Corinthians 5:17).

The Man of Truth made this possible by dying in our place to pay for our crimes (Romans 5:6-8).  He was hung on a tree to be cursed in our place (Galatians 3:13).

Now we are offered a deal if we will no longer live like criminals (1 Corinthians 6:9-11).  The death of the only innocent man to ever live has made it possible for all crimes to be expunged from our record (2 Corinthians 5:21).

So, come into the House of Truth and have your criminal heart replaced with a new heart that can obey the Law of Truth.

You come into the House of Truth when you proclaim that the Man of Truth is king of your life because you believe in your heart that his Father raised him from the dead (Romans 10:9).  You will have dealt with crime in the best way possible when you no longer do things that are contrary to the Law of Truth (Galatians 5:18-23).

Come into the House of Truth!

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Wednesday, November 30, 2022

The Trail Of Brotherly Love

Who helped The Five Civilized Tribes before the Great Removal?

The Five Civilized Tribes are the Choctaw, Creek (Muskogee), Seminole, Chickasaw, and Cherokee tribes.  They were forced to move from Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, North Carolina, and Arkansas to Indian Territory (eastern and southern Oklahoma) during the Great Removal.

Did all European Americans support the Great Removal?

Many European Americans were opposed to this treatment of the Five Civilized Tribes.

In fact, many European Americans fought against the removal of the Five Civilized Tribes to Indian Territory.   They often suffered at the hands of other European Americans for doing so.

They were far from the first European Americans to help Native Americans.  This started with the feast of the Pilgrims.

Many European Americans over the next two centuries believed that Native Americans and European Americans could live together in a mutually beneficial manner like Wampanoags and Pilgrims did.  They continued the legacy of the Pilgrims. 

They continued to help Native Americans long before the Great Removal.  Many of them did all that they could to prevent the Great Removal from ever occurring.

They walked the trail of brotherly love.

Their efforts began with efforts to educate the Five Civilized Tribes to prevent them from being taken advantage of in trade agreements and treaties.   This began with the Creek in 1707, then the Chickasaw in 1744, then the Cherokee in 1752, then the Choctaw in 1807, and finally the Seminole in 1823.

So American missionaries brought education to the Five Civilized Tribes.  The Light of the Five Civilized Tribes helped them in their negotiations to gain more fair treaties than they otherwise would have received.

However, that is not the only way that these European Americans helped the Five Civilized Tribes before the Great Removal.

Who helped the Creek?

James Oglethorpe set out to prevent mistreatment of Native Americans from the moment he began the colony of Georgia as a buffer between the Spanish in Florida and the colony of South Carolina in 1733.  He forbade Europeans from taking their land or even purchasing land directly from them.

When James Oglethorpe arrived he began negotiations with Chief Tomochichi for land to start the new colony.  After reaching a mutually beneficial agreement, he started Savannah as the first town in the new colony.

Chief Tomochichi had created a new tribe called the Yamacraw from former members of the Yamasee and Creek tribes.  He had also heard about the Man of Truth (Yeshua HaMashiach aka Jesus Christ) through Mary Musgrove, daughter of an English father and Creek mother, who had served as the interpreter during the negotiations, before he ever met James Oglethorpe.

Instead, he negotiated fair deals with the Creek for land and then sold the land in fifty-acre allotments to the colonist for cost plus a small fee that helped to fund the colony.  No one was allowed to own more than one allotment in the colony.

James Oglethorpe had started the colony to relieve those who were unemployed and unemployable in England.  The society he headed paid their debts and they worked as indentured servants in Georgia for seven years.

At the end of their servitude, they were given a fifty-acre allotment and everything they needed to run their own farm on the allotment.  All profits from their servitude were used to help more destitute people come to Georgia as indentured servants.

James Oglethorpe also did not allow slavery in Georgia.  The Carolinas had bought Native American slaves from other Native Americans and the Spanish, but his efforts to block the trade from going through Georgia and its waters soon brought an end to this.

In response, the Carolinas soon began importing African slaves that had been bought from Africans in the African slave markets.  However, James Oglethorpe banned all slavery in Georgia and turned Georgia into a refuge for runaway slaves from the Carolinas and Spanish Florida.

In 1734, Chief Tomochichi accompanied James Oglethorpe to England to meet with the king.  While there Chief Tomochichi requested that the king send missionaries to the Creek to teach about the Man of Truth more.

Chief Tomochichi also wanted the missionaries to help the Creek develop a written language and translate the Book of Truth (The Bible) into it.  This would allow them to read the Book of Truth for themselves instead of relying on others.

So in 1735, James Oglethorpe sponsored some Moravian missionaries to come to the colony of Georgia.  They soon began turning the desire of Chief Tomochichi into a reality.

Neither the Carolinas nor the Spanish were happy with James Oglethorpe for his treatment of Native Americans and Africans.  However, Chief Tomochichi found him to be a true friend.

Most of the tribe of Chief Tomochichi had come into the House of Truth along with many of the Creek through the efforts of James Oglethorpe and his life that reflected the Man of Truth.  So in 1736, Chief Tomochichi asked Benjamin Ingrim, a Moravian minister brought to Georgia by James Oglethorpe to reach the Native Americans, to help him start a school in the town of Irene to teach his tribe more about the Man of Truth.

So Benjamin Ingrim requested help from John and Charles Wesley in creating this school.  They offered little direct help as they were mostly focused on the European colonists, but they did raise interest among their congregants in the school.

However, this greatly angered many of the European colonists in Georgia as well as the Carolinas.  English law prevented those who became Christians from being mistreated in various ways - including being enslaved.  (For this same reason laws were passed that forbid telling the Good News to African slaves in other English colonies.)

So in 1737, John and Charles Wesley along with Benjamin Ingrim found themselves fleeing from the colony of Georgia due to persecution for their efforts to help the Creek and other Native Americans.  By this time, Chief Tomochichi had achieved an alliance for the colony with the Creek based on his testimony to them of the character of James Oglethorpe.

Later that year, James Oglethorpe had to return to England to clear up false accusations by the rulers of the Carolinas and his own colonists of misconduct.  Chief Tomochichi said that the day that James Oglethorpe left without him was “like the day of death”.

James Oglethorpe was cleared of all accusations and returned to Georgia with more colonists and even greater means to grow the colony in 1738.  Still, many in the Carolinas and his own colony were unhappy with him for his efforts to ensure that Native Americans were treated fairly.

One of those measures was that he had been given sole authority to grant licenses for trading with the Native Americans.  He would only grant those licenses to members of his own colony that he governed over.  He would immediately revoke the trade license of any that he found treating the Native Americans unfairly and sometimes punish them in other ways.

Also that year, James Oglethorpe invited two prominent Moravian missionaries, David Zeisberger and Peter Boehler, to help with the efforts to reach the Creek with Gospel.  They both arrived and were soon living among the Creek to teach them.

James Oglethorpe learned through Chief Tomochichi that the Spanish were preparing to launch an attack on Georgia.  The British Royal Navy refused to help protect Georgia, so he spent his entire fortune on setting up defenses for the colony.

In 1739, James Oglethorpe went to the Lower Creek capital of Coweta – something that no European had done before.  Chief Tomochichi was too ill to accompany him but had secured goodwill and promises of safe passage for his friend.

James Oglethorpe and the Creek tribe reached a mutually beneficial trade agreement as well as an alliance of mutual defense.  The Creek tribe agreed to help defend Georgia against the Spanish.

James Oglethorpe became ill as well when he returned to Georgia.  He however allowed a pirate who attacked Spanish ships safe haven in Georgia.

Soon James Oglethorpe received a letter from the King of England authorizing him to attack the Spanish.  So, he told his Creek allies that they could begin conducting attacks against Spanish Florida.

Soon after that Chief Tomochichi died.  James Oglethorpe established a day of mourning for him throughout the colony of Georgia and Chief Tomochichi was buried in a place of honor in the colony with full British military honors.

A few weeks later, England and Spain declared war on each other.  James Oglethorpe was tasked with driving the Spanish out of Florida.

However, James Oglethorpe received almost none of the promised help from the Royal Navy and the rulers of the Carolinas were slow to provide help as well.  In fact, the colonies of Virginia and Rhode Island provided more help than they or the British did.

So in 1740, James Oglethorpe led an undersized and undersupplied force of a few European colonists in attacking Spanish Florida.  Thanks to the help of his Creek allies, he was able to keep the Spanish from leaving Florida and even took some of their forts - even though he was not able to drive them out of Florida.

Finally, the Carolinas provided some aid, but mostly because they feared that the Creek and other Native Americans would not continue to prevent the Spanish from attacking their colonies if they did not do so.  The Creek were far more reliable allies to the colony of Georgia than the Carolinas and were the main reason that the Spanish were on the verge of being driven out of Florida.

While James Oglethorpe was away leading the fight, the Moravian missionaries that he had sponsored were arrested for not aiding in the fighting.  They were forced to leave the colony, which ended their work among the Creek.  This was the real reason they were exiled.

The general lack of help from the rulers of the Carolinas and the British Royal Navy doomed the effort to take the Spanish stronghold of Saint Augustine.  The Spanish were finally able to launch an attack from there that drove James Oglethorpe and his Creek allies out of Spanish Florida in 1741.

Then the Spanish launched an attack on the colony of Georgia in 1742 but had badly underestimated the strength the Creek allies that helped defend it.  Soon the forces led by James Oglethorpe soundly defeated them and they were driven back to Spanish Florida.

In 1743, James Oglethorpe and his Creek allies again besieged Saint Augustine.  The general lack of help from the rulers of the Carolinas and the British Royal Navy doomed it failure again, so he was forced to withdraw.

When James Oglethorpe returned to Georgia, he was recalled to England and replaced as governor of the colony.  While he and his Creek allies were busy defending Georgia from being taken over by the Spanish, many of the colonists had worked with the rulers of the Carolinas to have him removed from office.

The same colonists that he had spent his fortune to rescue from debtors prison to give them a better life had turned against him.  They also turned against the Creek and other Native Americans that had kept them from being killed by the Spanish.

Their primary motivation was they resented James Oglethorpe from preventing them from mistreating Native Americans and Africans.  They especially hated his efforts to bring both into the House of Truth because that would have made them equal with Europeans under English law.

In 1804, American Indian Agent to the Creek Benjamin Hawkins and some of the leading Creek chiefs requested that the Moravians in Salem, North Carolina send missionaries to establish a mission at the abandoned Fort Lawrence in Georgia.  They wanted them to teach the Creek useful skills to put them more on par with Europeans, but not to preach the Gospel to the Creeks at the mission.

So in 1807, Christian Burkhardt and Karsten Petersen arrived.  They taught many useful skills including gun smithing, but they also talked to their students about the Gospel one on one.

Soon, after that they began making forays into modern day Alabama to preach to the Creek there.  A few of the White Sticks came into the House of Truth, but many of the Red Sticks hated them.

When the Red Sticks massacred the White Sticks at Fort Mims in 1813, Christian Burkhardt and Karsten Petersen had to flee for their lives.  The violence of the Creek Civil War and the Creek involvement in the War of 1812 forced them to return to Salem, North Carolina.

Even though the efforts of the Moravians were cut short twice by war, they had done what they could to help the Creek.  The years that they spent among the Creek would later lead them to be outspoken advocates for fair treatment of the Creek and protesters of their forced removal.

The Creek Civil War ended in 1818 with the White Sticks victorious.  Chief William MacIntosh began working to unify the Creek Nation under a single government with written laws.

By 1821, Chief William MacIntosh was firmly in control as the Principal Chief of the unified Creek Nation.  He soon negotiated a peace treaty with the governor of Georgia that would allow European Americans to operate schools and trading posts inside the Creek nation.

So that year the Methodists, founded by John and Charles Wesley, sent William Capers to open a missionary school among the Creek.  He also taught and preached to the African Americans that were enslaved among the Creek.

In 1822 the Southern Baptists sent Lee and Susan Compere to start a school among the Creek in Alabama at Withington Station.  They soon had a congregation consisting of Creek natives and African-American slaves.

In 1824 Chief William MacIntosh and the rest of the Creek National Council passed a law that gave the Creek National Council sole authority to negotiate treaties concerning tribal land with the American government.  The penalty for anyone else doing so was death.

In 1825, William Capers was sent back to Charleston, South Carolina to serve as editor of the Wesleyan Journal.  This began his long career of using the press to speak out against the unfair treatment of the Creek and oppose their coerced removal. He also spoke out against slavery and helped start hundreds of missions to African American slaves.

Also that year, Chief William MacIntosh signed the Treaty of Indian Springs without the involvement of the rest of the Creek National Council.  In accordance with the Creek codified law that Chief William MacIntosh had signed, Chief Menawa led the Creek national police force called the Law Menders in executing him.

Lee and Susan Compere protested against the Treaty of Indian Springs as unfair and began working with the Creek National Council to get it reversed.  The Southern Baptists, who were given money by the American government to educate Native Americans, soon retaliated against them by withdrawing all support for the school, but the Comperes spent their own fortune to keep their work going.

In 1826 the Creek National Council sent Chief Menawa, Chief Opothleyahola, and other delegates to Washington, D.C. as advised by the Comperes.  The efforts of advocates like the Christian Burkhardt, Karsten Petersen, William Capers, and the Comperes had public opinion on the side of the Creek, so Congress nullified the Treaty of Indian Springs and negotiated a new treaty that was far more favorable to the Creek Nation.

Lee and Susan Compere were so respected by the Creek people that the Creek chiefs asked if they could give names to their children born among them.  The Comperes consented and their two children born among the Creek were both given Creek first names by the Creek chiefs.

In 1827 the supports of Chief William MacIntosh and the other signers of the Treaty of Indian Springs began moving to Indian Territory to settle there.  Even though they had not signed the treaty and had not broken the written law, they were still concerned about reprisals.

In 1828 a band of Creek slave owners attacked and destroyed the school at Withington Station because the Comperes preached against slavery.  Soon, the Comperes realized that they would not be able to continue to live among the Creek.

In 1829, Lee and Susan Compere were forced to move to Montgomery.  They started a new congregation there that advocated fair treatment of Native Americans and the abolishment of slavery.  They also made occasional forays to preach among the Creek.

Also that year, their Creek student John Davis moved to Indian Territory to preach to the Creek that had moved there previously.  He helped these Creek continue their education as well.

By 1830 there was fierce opposition to the force removal of the Creek and other Native American tribes among the Americans due to the efforts of people like Christian Burkhardt, Karsten Petersen, William Capers and the Comperes.  In fact, it was almost as divisive as slavery and the Indian Removal Act was passed by only a few votes.

In 1832, the Creek National Council signed the Treaty of Cussetta that divided the Creek national lands into individual land allotments.  Individuals could either sell their land and move to Indian Territory with aid from the Federal Government or they could remain and be subject to the laws of the state of Alabama.

However, the state of Alabama never treated the Creek as equal under the law and allowed European Americans to constantly mistreat them.  So Chief Opothleyahola asked President Andrew Jackson to send troops to enforce the treaty, but President Andrew Jackson refused.

The efforts of advocates for the Creek like Christian Burkhardt, Karsten Petersen, William Capers and the Comperes had caused European-Americans to become deeply divided over the issue of the treatment of Native Americans.  President Andrew Jackson feared that acting against the state of Alabama to enforce the terms of the Treaty of Cussetta would set off a civil war.

So, Chief Opothleyahola and the rest of the Creek National Council realized the wisdom in the advice that Lee Compere had given before leaving them.  They began selling their individual allotments and moving to Indian Territory to escape the injustices being forced upon them by many of their European-American neighbors.

By 1836, almost all of the Creek Nation had relocated to Indian Territory – many by force.  Only those in the Tensaw community remained who eventually became the Poarch Creek tribe of Alabama.

Who helped the Chickasaw?

In 1744 James Adair, a deer skin trader came to live among the Chickasaw.  He told them about the Man of Truth and began educating them so they would be able to make better deals when trading deer skins with Europeans.

In 1746 James Adair was requested by the governor of South Carolina to convince the Choctaw to become trading partners with the British instead of the French.  So, he left to convince the Choctaw.

In 1751 James Adair moved back to live among the Chickasaw.  He soon became friends with Chief Tishomingo and helped him when dealing with Europeans.

In 1760 James Adair helped Chief Tishomingo in fighting the French on the side of the British during the French and Indian War.  The Chickasaw became allies of the British after he had showed them how the French had been taking advantage of them in their trading.

In 1775, Chief Tishomingo along with other Chickasaw leaders and British officers who had fought along side the Chickasaw against the French asked James Adair to tell Europeans about the unfair treatment of Native Americans by Europeans.  So he left the Chickasaw and moved back to live among the British colonies to publish his book.

In 1783 James Adair died after his book had become a best seller in both the North America and Europe.  He had detailed how many of the Chickasaw had come into the House of Truth during his many years among them and this caused many European colonists to advocate for the fair treatment of Native Americans.

His writings built upon the momentum for just treatment of Native Americans that religious leaders like Jonathan Edwards and political leaders like Roger Williams, the founder of Rhode Island had created.  His book was a continuation of advocacy for the fair treatment of Native Americans by the Children of Truth that had begun more than 100 years earlier.

These writings contributed to increasing demand among European Americans for fair treatment of Native Americans.  As a result, the Civilization Fund Act was passed by Congress and signed by President James Monroe in 1819.

So the Cumberland Presbyterians sent Thomas C. Stuart to teach, who came to the Chickasaw on the same day that Ishtehotopa became their new king in 1820.  With the permission of King Ishtehotopa, he built the Monroe Mission to help the Chickasaw adapt in dealing with European-Americans better.

By 1821 Chief Tishomingo approached Thomas C. Stuart to learn about more the Man of Truth that James Adair had introduced him to.  He could see the love that Thomas C. Stuart had for the Chickasaw and supported his efforts to bring the Chickasaw into the House of Truth.

In 1827, the American Board of Foreign Missions took control of the Monroe Mission.  They allowed Thomas C. Stuart to remain there despite his controversial articles that called for the fair treatment of the Chickasaw and other Native Americans.

By 1830, the congregation of Thomas C. Stuart had over 100 Chickasaw members and a second school was built at the request of the Chickasaw.  Yet despite the obvious progress that the Chickasaw had made in meeting the goals of the Civilization Fund Act, the Indian Removal Act was passed by only a few votes in Congress after a highly contentious debate that put America on the verge of civil war over the issue.

In 1832, Chief Tishomingo and other Chickasaw leaders signed the Treaty of Pontitock Creek.  It stated the Chickasaw would move to Indian Territory once they found suitable land there.

By 1836, Thomas C. Stuart had written many articles and papers appealing for fair treatment of the Chickasaw since many of them were brothers to the European American Children of Truth.  He gained much support for their cause in other states, but he was opposed greatly by many in Mississippi.

By 1837, the Chickasaw had still not found suitable land to move to in Indian Territory, but the state of Mississippi made their life so difficult that they realized that they had to move first and then find land.  So, Chief Tishomingo led them in moving to Indian Territory, which saved great bloodshed for the Chickasaw and the European-American violators of the treaty alike.

Who helped the Cherokee?

In 1801 the Moravians opened the Springplace Mission among the Cherokee to both teach the Cherokee skills needed to live along side European Americans and to preach the Gospel.  They began advocating for the Cherokee as they had for the Creek.

In 1810 the American Board of Foreign Missions was started with Samuel Austin Worchester as its first corresponding secretary.  It not only set out to bring the Gospel to Native Americans but to also advocate for their fair treatment.

In 1818 Daniel Sabin Butrick came to Brainerd Mission as a missionary to the Cherokee.  He soon began learning their language and their culture.

That same year, Elias Boudinot (European American) wrote “The Star of the West” to garner public support for the cause of the Cherokee.  He had been a close friend of George Washington and used his influence in Congress to speak on behalf of the Cherokee as well.

In 1819 Congress passed the Civilization Fund Act that Thomas L. McKenney had lobbied for.  This act provided funding of missionaries if they also taught Native Americans other skills necessary to meet the European American definition of “civilized”.

In 1821 Jeremiah Evert became the corresponding secretary of the American Board of Foreign Missions.  He led the extensive fight for the fair treatment of Native Americans and against the efforts to remove the Cherokee under the name “William Penn”.

Sequoyah invented the Cherokee Syllabary that same year.  He began working to get the Cherokee to accept it.

That same year Evan Jones was sent by the Baptist Foreign Mission Board to Valley Town, North Carolina to teach the Cherokee how to live as equals with European Americans and to preach the Gospel to them.  He soon became a staunch opponent of their removal.

In 1822, Ainsworth Blunt was sent by the American Board of Foreign Missions to help the Cherokee at the Brainerd Mission.  He helped them learn farming and mechanics.

That same year Thomas L. McKenney was appointed as the Superintendent of Indian Affairs.  His job was to carry out the goals of the Civilization Fund Act.

Also that year John Gambold expanded the work of the Moravians at the Oothcaloga Mission at the request of Chief Ross.  He soon proved to be a vocal opponent to removal.

In 1825 Samuel Austin Worchester came to the Brainerd school to teach the Cherokee.  He immediately began to learn their language and culture as well as the Cherokee Syllabary.

That same year the Cherokee Syllabary was recognized as the official writing system of the Cherokee by the Cherokee National Council.  It gave the Cherokee a way to become more united by means of written communication, but it was used mostly for Cherokee government documents at the time.

Around that time, James Jenkins Trott came as a Methodist missionary to the Cherokee.  He soon began advocating against their removal as well.

In 1826 Elizur Butler was also sent as a missionary to the Cherokee by the American Board of Foreign Missions.  Due to the request of Chief Ross soon more than sixty missionaries would be teaching and preaching among the Cherokee.

In 1827 John Gambold died and Henry Gottlieb Clauder came to continue the work of the Moravians at the Oothcaloga Mission.  He also continued to advocate for the Cherokee.

In 1828 Samuel Austin Worchester moved to the Cherokee capital of New Echota to help Elias Boudinot (Buck Waite) start a Cherokee language newspaper.  The American Board of Foreign Missions funded the enterprise to help the Cherokee become more unified.

In order to print the Cherokee Phoenix in Cherokee as well as English, Samuel Austin Worchester had to make the Cherokee Syllabary types himself.  He then used these, and the print shop funded by the American Board of Foreign Missions, to also print the Cherokee Bible that he had translated.

In 1830 Thomas L. McKenney denounced the US Government for failing to keep European American squatters out of Cherokee land as the treaties promised.  He was dismissed as the Superintendent of Indian Affairs by President Andrew Jackson when he declared that Native Americans were intellectual and morally equal to European Americans.

Jeremiah Evert had personally gone to many congressmen to gain their support in opposing the removal of the Cherokee.  These efforts contributed to the Indian Removal Act passing by only a few votes that year.

Later that year Jeremiah Evert encouraged and helped the Cherokee to fight the Indian Removal Act in court.  This led to the landmark case “Cherokee Nation Vs Georgia” to stop removal of the Cherokee.

Finally that year the state of Georgia waged war on the American Board of Foreign Missions by passing a law requiring all missionaries to the Cherokee to register with the state of Georgia and swear loyalty of Georgia.  However, Jeremiah Evert and those he inspired were not deterred from their advocating for the Cherokee against the state of Georgia.

So Samuel Austin Worchester, Elizur Butler, Henry Gottlieb Clauder , and James Jenkins Trott along with seven other missionaries signed and published a resolution protesting the new law as illegal.  They then continued to preach and teach among the Cherokee in Georgia.

The Indian Removal Act also prompted Daniel Sabin Butrick to put the notes he had made during his years among the Cherokee into a book on Cherokee history and culture.  He wanted to raise public outrage over their mistreatment.

In 1831 Jeremiah Evert died due to overworking himself in fighting against the removal of the Cherokee.  He had published over 200 essays advocating Native American rights of which twenty-four were specifically against the forced removal of the Cherokee.

Not long after that, Samuel Austin Worchester and ten of the other signers of the resolution were arrested by order of the governor of Georgia for continuing to preach among the Cherokee without permission from the state of Georgia.  They soon marched eighty-five miles in shackles to be tried and then imprisoned.  During their forced march they were beaten, insulted, and cursed.

The governor offered a pardon conditioned upon them quietly leaving Georgia because he was concerned that it could lead to civil war in a state deeply divided over the issue.  Nine of the missionaries took him up on it including James Jenkins Trott, who then preached to the Cherokee outside of Georgia as a circuit rider.

However, Samuel Austin Worchester and Elizur Butler refused.  They went to prison instead so they could make the issue as public as possible by suing the state of Georgia as they had been advised by Jeremiah Evert.

Also that year the first wife of Evan Jones died, and he remarried.   Evan Jones and his son John Butrick Jones continued to work among the Cherokee as they stood their ground against the Cherokee removal and never wavered.

So in 1832, Samuel Austin Worchester and Elizur Butler sued the state of Georgia for infringing on the sovereignty of the Cherokee with the help of the American Board of Foreign Missions and Chief Ross.  The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in their favor stating that regulation of a Native American tribe could only be based on a treaty between the Federal Government and that tribe.

However, the governor of Georgia and President Andrew Jackson refused to live by the rule of law.  So, they started taking measures to force the Cherokee out of Georgia and into Indian Territory contrary to American law and all previous agreements.

That same year Evan Jones persuaded the Baptist to accept his partner Jesse Bushyhead as an assistant missionary.  He was convinced that Native Americans could be more effective in reaching other Native Americans with the Gospel than European Americans.

Also that year John Howard Payne, a famous actor and song writer, returned to America after twenty years of engagements in Europe.  He soon learned about the plight of the Cherokee.

By 1833, Samuel Austin Worchester and Elizur Butler wrote a public letter stating that the efforts to prevent removal of the Cherokee through legal channels were futile and requesting a pardon.  They were given one upon condition of leaving Georgia because the governor was concerned about civil war breaking out.

Samuel Austin Worchester and Elizur Butler agreed to leave Georgia to prevent needless bloodshed between the Cherokee and the Georgia militia.  They advised the Cherokee that removal was inevitable since many European American settlers and rulers would not obey their own laws.

However, Samuel Austin Worchester and Elizur Butler did not stay quiet after they left Georgia.  Samuel Austin Worchester wrote a scathing rebuke of the governor of Georgia and President Andrew Jackson that was widely published across America and Europe.  It stated that the treaties with the Cherokee were “broken, and an act of flagrant robbery...was committed upon a defenseless people, with the sanction of our national authorities.”.

In 1834 the Springplace Mission was confiscated from the Moravians by the state of Georgia and given to a bartender in a lottery as punishment for their unwavering opposition to removal of the Cherokee including giving them money to fight removal.  The Moravians continued their mission to the Cherokee from a temporary location in Tennessee not far from Georgia.

In 1836, John Howard Payne came to visit Chief Ross to see for himself the plight of the Cherokee.  He soon began collecting evidence that the Cherokee were a tribe like no other.

Soon John Howard Payne began helping Daniel Sabin Butrick in getting his book on the Cherokee published.  He used his many connection in the entertainment industry to keep public awareness of the plight of the Cherokee high.

In 1837, Ainsworth Blunt was forced to move to a Cherokee mission in Tennessee due to the health of his wife.  He continued to do all he could to help the Cherokee there prepare for the inevitable removal to Indian Territory.

John Howard Payne then went to Washington DC to lobby Congress to take action to prevent the removal of the Cherokee.  He used the writings of Daniel Sabin Butrick as support for his arguments until their force removal began in 1838.

In 1838, Evan Jones told Chief Ross that he would continue to offer any assistance that he could to prevent the removal.  His son, John Butrick Jones told the Baptist Foreign Mission Board that he would make any sacrifice necessary to prevent the full-bloods among the Cherokee from being crushed.

Evan and John Jones continued their resistance until the army showed up to force the removal.  Even then they protested. 

During their entire tenure before removal, they were constantly at odds with most European Americans.  They treated the Cherokee as equals and only preached against aspects of Cherokee culture that directly conflicted with the Book of Truth.  They made no efforts to turn the Cherokee into European Americans.

As a result, they were forced out from among the Cherokee several times by the US Government and twice by the Cherokee.  Each time, they moved their mission to just over the border of Cherokee land and then made preaching forays into it.

Who helped the Choctaw?

In 1818, the Board of Foreign Missions sent missionaries to the Choctaw including Cyrus Kingsbury.  Cyrus Kingsbury soon gained the respect and trust of the Choctaw by requiring the bare minimum necessary for them to come into the House of Truth while teaching them useful skills that would help them to not be dependent upon European Americans.

In 1820, Cyrus Kingsbury so impressed Chief Pushmataha that he asked him to join in negotiations with the US government over removal that year.  He was appalled at how the US government agents first got the Choctaw drunk before negotiating the Treaty of Doak's Stand.

Cyrus Kingsbury advised Chief Pushmataha for the Choctaw to refuse to drink any liquor until after future treaties were signed.  The Choctaw took his advice and got better terms in all future negotiations.

Cyrus Kingsbury rigorously opposed the removal of the Choctaw.  He consistently argued against it in his correspondence with the Board of Foreign Missions and the US government.

In 1830, Cyrus Kingsbury found himself in danger of losing all government support needed for the network of mission schools that he had created because he vehemently opposed the removal policy of President Andrew Jackson.  Nonetheless, he did not back down in this opposition.

However, the Indian Removal Act was still passed by a few votes that year.  The Choctaw saw that removal was inevitable and signed the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek that gave them money to conduct their own removal.

Cyrus Kingsbury continued to help the Choctaw until their removal.  He worked to keep the mission schools open for the Choctaw that remained in Mississippi until they could operate it without him.

Who helped the Seminole?

In 1740 James Oglethorpe worked with the Seminole to attack the Spanish in Florida.  He had been able to gain their help because his Creek allies had verified that he had always treated Native Americans fairly.

There was not long-term contact with the Seminole by missionaries until the first missionary school was opened to educate the Seminoles in 1823.  Still, there were Children of Truth who stood with them against removal.

Among those was Davy Crockett, who ferociously fought against passage of the Indian Removal Act in Congress until it was finally passed in 1830.  He declared that his decision would “not make me ashamed in the Day of Judgment”.

In like manner, there were others who fought against the Indian Removal Act in the US Senate for the same reasons.  These included Daniel Webster and Henry Clay.

Even after passage of the Indian Removal Act, there remained opposition to the removal of the Seminole on behalf of the Seminole by the Children of Truth.  This lasted until the US government gave up on removing every last off-reservation Seminole from the Everglades.

By 1842, the US government had spent more than the cost of the Revolutionary War trying to move all off-reservation Seminole to Indian Territory in chains.  This cost was used by the Children of Truth to stir up public outcry that brought an end to the effort to capture and transport the last remaining off-reservation Seminole to Indian Territory.

Why did the Children of Truth walk the trail of brotherly love in defending the Five Civilized Tribes?

The Children of Truth who stood up for the Five Civilized Tribes were persecuted in so many ways for doing so.  Some were beaten, some were fined, some had their property taken from them, and some were fired from their positions.  Some even died as a result of their efforts to prevent the Five Civilized Tribes from being forcibly removed.

They walked the trail of brotherly love for others because the Man of Truth first walked that trail for them (Ephesians 5:1-2).  They demonstrated the love of the Father of Truth (YHVH aka God aka THE LORD) by walking in the footsteps of the Man of Truth (1 John 5:5-6).

No man has greater love for his friends than to lay down his life for them (John 15:13).  They laid down their lives for these Native Americans because the Man of Truth first laid down his life for them (1 John 3:16).

The Man of Truth stuck with them closer than a brother during their times of adversity (2 Timothy 4:16-17).  They demonstrated that love to the Native Americans that they shared the Gospel with by doing the same for them (1 John 4:19-21).

These Children of Truth rejoiced in their suffering to bring Native Americans into the House of Truth (Colossians 1:23-25).  They suffered wrongfully on behalf of others to follow in the footsteps of the Man of Truth (1 Peter 2:19-21).

The Man of Truth laid down his life to save all people – not just Europeans and European Americans – to bring them into unity with him (John 10:15-16).  The Father of Truth sent His Son to die for all of us while we yet His enemies (Romans 5:8-10).

So, come into the House of Truth by making the Man of Truth your king because you believe that his Father raised him from the dead (Romans 10:9).  Then you can start walking the trail of brotherly love (Colossians 2:6-7).

Come into the House of Truth!

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