What are the three types of Sabbath?
The term Sabbath is often misunderstood because many people
do not realize that there are three types of Sabbath. This can lead to a wrong understanding in a
passage that refers to the Sabbath.
This confusion can be eliminated by understanding that there
are three types of Sabbath. We need to
discern this in every passage concerning Sabbaths to come to the right
conclusion.
These three types of Sabbath have some similar commandments
but also some that apply to only each type.
We must understand the commandments that apply to each type to rightly
divide the Word of Truth.
We need to consider the context of the passage to discern
which type or types of Sabbath are being referred to and then consider what the
rest of the Book of Truth (The Bible) says about those types. As always, context
is king!
The Weekly Sabbath.
In the beginning, the Father of Truth (YHVH aka God aka THE
LORD) set apart the seventh day as a day of rest (Genesis
2:2-3).
Over two thousand years later, the Father of Truth commanded
the Congregation of Israel in the wilderness to set apart the seventh day when
He gave them manna (Exodus
16:22-26). The Sabbath was only
given to the people of Israel (Exodus
16:29-30).
Afterwards, the Father of Truth spoke the Ten Commandments to
those who came out of Egypt (circumcised and uncircumcised) (Exodus
20:1-2). He commanded these set
apart people to rest on the seventh day that He had set apart by resting on it
(Exodus
20:8-11).
Everyone who lives among the descendants of Israel are to
rest on the seventh day as well as their animals (Exodus
23:12). They are to rest on the
seventh day every week of the year – even during busy times like planting
season and harvest season (Exodus
34:21).
The Sabbath was given as a holy day to the descendants of
Israel as a sign that they had been set apart to the Father of Truth, so anyone
who desecrated it by working on it was to be killed (Exodus
31:13-14). Those who defiled the
Sabbath were to be put to death, because they were not keeping the sign that
they were set apart by the Father of Truth by resting on the seventh day as He
had rested (Exodus
31:15-17). They were not even to
kindle a fire on the Sabbath day because it is to be a holy day to them (Exodus
35:1-3).
The Congregation of Israel was commanded to keep the Sabbath
as holy to show that they are holy like the Father of Truth and not idol
worshipers (Leviticus
19:1-4). They were to keep the
Sabbath and reverence the Temple instead of giving any regard to psychics and
witches (Leviticus
19:30-31).
The Sabbath is a weekly appointment to cease working and congregate
together to worship the Father of Truth (Leviticus
23:1-3). It is a weekly reminder
that the Congregation of Israel was delivered from slavery in Egypt (Deuteronomy
5:12-15).
So, the Sabbath was given to the circumcised ethnic group of
Israel and the command to keep it was given to only the Congregation of Israel
in the wilderness. The only
uncircumcised people who were commanded to keep it were those living among the
circumcised ethnic group of Israel.
So, the commandments of the weekly Sabbath are part of the
conditional commandments that do not apply to all people at all times in
all places under all circumstances. However,
we need to consider the entire Book of Truth to discern the way the commandments
to rest on the Sabbath are to be carried out by those who they do apply to.
It is not desecrating the Sabbath to guard property and
people on the Sabbath (2
Kings 11:4-11). Law and order can be
restored on the Sabbath – even it requires executing criminals (2
Kings 11:12-21).
Restoring true ministers to their office is also allowed on
the Sabbath (2
Chronicles 23:4-8). So is removing
all false ministers from the congregation – even if it requires executing them
(2
Chronicles 23:16-19).
However, no commerce is allowed to be conducted on the
Sabbath with uncircumcised people who are not part of the Congregation of
Israel (Nehemiah
10:31). Neither can those who are
part of the Congregation of Israel engage in commerce with each other (Nehemiah
13:15).
So, no commerce can be conducted on the Sabbath by anyone because
that is treating it as if it was not set apart as holy (Nehemiah
13:16-18). However, it is not
desecrating the Sabbath to take whatever measures are necessary to keep it from
being desecrated by others (Nehemiah
13:19-22).
Not only that, but people are to leave off doing all of
their regular business, leave off seeking after their own pleasure, and even leave
off speaking about those things on the Sabbath because it is set apart for
honoring the Father of Truth (Isaiah
58:13). The Sabbath is not a day for
carry out commerce, but a day for carrying out worship (Jeremiah
17:24-26). It is certainly not a day
for oppressing the poor by cheating them in business (Amos
8:4-6)!
However, people can do whatever is necessary to eat on the
Sabbath (Matthew
12:1-4). In like manner, ministers
can do whatever is necessary to take care of their congregation on the Sabbath
(Matthew
12:5-8).
People can also take care of the medical needs of people on
the Sabbath (Matthew
12:9-10). In fact, people can always
take care of others on the Sabbath (Matthew
12:11-13).
People can always teach the Word of Truth and cast out demons
on the Sabbath (Mark
1:21-27). The Word of Truth can
always be confirmed with signs and wonders on the Sabbath (Mark
6:2-5).
The Word of Truth can always be read on the Sabbath (Luke
4:16-20). People can always be
delivered from the oppression of the Father of Lies (HaShatan aka Satan Aka The
Devil) on the Sabbath (Luke
13:10-17).
People can always do whatever is necessary to be healed of
disease on the Sabbath (John
5:8-16). People can always do the
work of the Father of Truth on the Sabbath (John
5:17-19).
Whatever is necessary to keep the commandments of the Law of
Truth can be done on the Sabbath (John
7:22-23). The blind can always be
caused to see on the Sabbath (John
9:13-16).
People can congregate together and preach about the Man of
Truth on the Sabbath (Acts
13:14-26). People can be evangelized
on the Sabbath (Acts
13:42-44).
The words of the Prophets of Truth can be read on the
Sabbath (Acts
13:27). The words of Moses (the Law
of Truth) can be read on the Sabbath (Acts
15:21).
People can meet outdoors to pray and discuss the Word of
Truth on the Sabbath (Acts
16:12-13). They can also meet
indoors to discuss the Word of Truth on the Sabbath (Acts
17:1-3). They can persuade people to
come into the House of Truth on the Sabbath (Acts
18:4-5).
So, the Sabbath is set apart for people to worship the
Father of Truth. It is a day to spend reading
the Word of Truth and discussing it.
The Sabbath is a day for the Spirit of Truth confirm the
Word of Truth with signs and wonders. It
is a day for preaching about the Man of Truth.
People can also do whatever is necessary to keep the other
commandments of the Law of Truth on the Sabbath. They can do whatever is necessary to take
care of other people on the Sabbath.
However, the Sabbath is not a day for people to pursue their
own interests. It is not a day for
engaging in commerce.
So, there is no need for people to ever be bored
on the Sabbath. People need one
day a week to spend time on these things instead of other things.
In summary, the Sabbath is a day for people to reset their
focus on what is really important. It is
a day for people to be refreshed, so they can be effective at everything they
do until the next Sabbath.
The Annual Sabbaths
The Father of Truth commanded the Congregation of Israel to
congregate together and leave off all of their normal work on the first and
seventh day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread (Matzah) – just like He commanded
for the Sabbath (Exodus
12:15-18). He said that the seventh
day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread was to be a holiday (chag) to serve as a
sign between their eyes and upon their hands to help them keep His commandments
(Exodus
13:3-10). He also commanded that everyone
(circumcised and uncircumcised) who lived in the Promise Land to congregate
together and do no normal work on the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur) because it
was also a Sabbath (Leviticus
16:29-31).
In fact, the Father of Truth said that the weekly Sabbath
was just one of the appointed times (moedim) for meeting with him (Leviticus
23:1-3). He said that Passover
(Pesach) along with the first and seventh days of the Feast of Unleavened Bread
were three of these annual appointments with the first and seventh days of the
Feast of Unleavened Bread to be treated like the weekly Sabbath (Leviticus
23:4-8).
The day after the weekly Sabbath (Sunday) that followed
Passover was the Feast of Firstfruits (Bikkurim) another annual appointed time when
the first sheaves of the barley harvest were to be lifted up to the Father of
Truth (Leviticus
23:9-14). That day began the count
to fifty days to reach the day after the seventh Sabbath (Sunday), the day of
Pentecost (Shavuot), another annual appointed time, when two loaves of leavened
bread would be waved to start the wheat harvest and it also was treated like
the weekly Sabbath (Leviticus
23:15-22).
The Father of Truth also set up the Feast of Trumpets (Yom
Teruah) as another annual appointed time that was also called a Sabbath (Leviticus
23:23-25). The Day of Atonement was
the next annual appointed time that was called a Sabbath (Leviticus
23:26-32). The last annual appointed
time was the Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot) that came at the end of the grape
harvest with the first and eighth days being called Sabbaths (Leviticus
23:33-42).
The Father of Truth required extra sacrifices for all of the
annual appointed times that came in the Spring even though three of them were
annual Sabbaths (Numbers
28:16-26). The same was true for all
the annual appointed times that came in the Autumn even though four of them
were annual Sabbaths (Numbers
29).
So, we can see that besides the weekly Sabbath there is also
seven annual Sabbaths that make up another week of Sabbaths. This makes almost one in six days a Sabbath
over the course of year.
Since the average number of weeks in a year is fifty-two weeks,
then an average year has fifty-nine Sabbaths.
That is the number of days in a pair of Biblical months.
It is also worth noting that not every annual appointed day
is a Sabbath. Passover, four or five of
the days of the Feast of Unleavened Bread (depending upon which day the weekly
Sabbath falls on during that week), the Feast of Unleavened Bread, and five or
six of the days of the Feast of Tabernacles depending upon which day the weekly
Sabbath falls on during that those eight days) are not Sabbaths.
So, there can be twelve appointed days each year that are
not Sabbaths. However, their celebration
precludes doing some of the normal activities of a regular day, so they can be
thought of as half-Sabbaths when people can take part in various relaxing
activities.
The Father of Truth has provided on average around seventy
days each year for rest and relaxation – almost one in five days. However, he did not stop there.
The Sabbath Years
The Father of Truth commanded the Congregation of Israel to
let their land rest every seventh year, just like they were let their people
and animals rest every seventh day (Exodus
23:10-12). The land was to have a
Sabbath year when they were to neither sow nor harvest crops in the seventh
year, but they could eat whatever grew up on its own (Leviticus
25:1-7).
Their land would produce a double crop in the sixth year so
they would not need to farm the land on the seventh year - just like a double
portion of manna fell on the sixth day so they would not need to gather any on
the seventh day (Leviticus
25:20-22). The Father of Truth also
commanded that everyone in the Promise Land congregate to hear the entire Law
of Truth - similar to what they were to do every Sabbath day (Deuteronomy
31:10-13).
When the seventh year came, everyone who lived in the
Promise Land was to be released from all their financial debts (Deuteronomy
15:1-3). They were to loan money to
those in need in the Promise Land -even if their borrowers would be released
from their debt a few days later - because the Father of Truth promised to
repay them (Deuteronomy
15:7-11).
After seven Sabbath years, the Father of Truth commanded
that the land be given an extra Sabbath year - the Year of Jubilee – the
fiftieth year, just like after seven Sabbath days there was an extra Sabbath
day - Pentecost – the fiftieth day (Leviticus
25:8-12). In that year every man
received back his inheritance and had to return to live there among his
brothers, so land was valued based on how many years were left until the Year
of Jubilee (Leviticus
25:13-16).
The land was not to be sold permanently, because the entire
Promise Land belonged to the Father of Truth and those who lived in it were His
tenants (Leviticus
25:23-28). In like manner, if any of
the circumcised ethnic group of Israel became a servant in the Promise Land,
they were to be released from their servitude and return to their inheritance
in the Promise Land in the year of Jubilee (Leviticus
25:39-41).
If those in the Promised Land did not let the land rest on
the Sabbath years, then the Father of Truth would send their enemies to destroy
their cities and remove them from the Promise Land - so it could get the rest
that should have gotten on the Sabbath years (Leviticus
26:31-35). They would not be brought
back into the Promise Land until after the land was given all the rest it
should have gotten on the Sabbath years (Leviticus
26:43-45).
So we can see that besides the seventy days for relaxation –
including the fifty-nine Sabbath days - on average each year that the Father of
Truth provided, He also provided eight Sabbath years out of every fifty years. So, altogether the Congregation of Israel was
given almost fifteen years of rest out of every fifty years.
This means over the course of fifty years they were given about
one out of three days off from their regular work. A little less than half of those were
Sabbaths to meet with the Father of Truth and the rest were for them to seek
after their own pleasure.
So, how did the Congregation of Israel respond to these
three types of Sabbath?
While the Congregation of Israel was still in the wilderness,
they polluted the weekly Sabbath that was given as a sign that they were in a
special relationship with the Father of Truth (Ezekiel
20:12-17). Their descendants that
went into the Promise Land also polluted the weekly Sabbath, so the Father of
Truth said He would remove them from the Promise Land to live among other
ethnic groups (Ezekiel
20:18-24).
The Father of Truth warned the Congregation of Israel to
stop performing work and carrying burdens on the weekly Sabbath, but they just
ignored Him (Jeremiah
17:21-23). So He warned them that He
would destroy the Temple and cause them to be carried out of the Promise Land (Jeremiah
17:27).
Instead, the Congregation of Israel greatly polluted the
Sabbaths (weekly and annual) by shedding the blood of innocent children as they
worshiped idols and oppressing other people in every manner (Ezekiel
22:3-12)! Even the priests in the
Temple did not keep the Sabbaths as they had been instructed and polluted the Temple
with sacrifices of unclean animals (Ezekiel
22:26)! They even sacrificed their own
children to idols in the Temple on the Sabbath (Ezekiel
23:37-38)!
The Congregation of Israel made the weekly Sabbaths and annual
Sabbaths (Feasts) an abomination to the Father of Truth by their mistreatment
of other people (Isaiah 1:13-17)! So, the Father of Truth made sure that the
Congregation of Israel could not keep them any longer (Lamentations
2:5-7)! He put an end to their
keeping the weekly Sabbaths and feasts (annual Sabbaths) (Hosea
2:11)!
The Congregation of Israel was removed from the Promise Land
to live among other ethnic groups for seventy years until the Promise Land
rested for all of the Sabbath years that they had not let it rest (2
Chronicles 36:19-23). The Father of
Truth sent them away for seventy years because they refuse to listen to the Prophets
of Truth and keep the three types of Sabbath as He had commanded (Jeremiah
25:4-11)!
So, the Congregation of Israel refused to take the rest that
the Father of Truth had provided. They
could not live in that rest because they did not have faith in the Father of
Truth.
Only those who trust the Father of Truth can truly
rest. As already shown, the weekly
Sabbath was only given as a sign to the Congregation of Israel, but everyone
needs to trust the Father of Truth enough to rest.
Some of them sought to increase their wealth by adopting a
24/7/365 business model that left no time for weekly and annual appointments
with the Father of Truth. Others did the
same thing because they were afraid that their business would fail unless they
did what their competitors did.
Others decided to use the weekly Sabbath to pursue their own
pleasure instead of resting and spending it with the Father of Truth. This caused them to soon desire things to carry
out those activities.
The annual Sabbaths (feasts) became times to show off what
they had to impress other people. They turned
them into a time that shamed the poor instead of helping them.
Their lack of trust in the Father of Truth to take care of
them as He had promised caused them to not forgive debts that were owed to them
every Sabbath year as He had commanded. This
same lack of trust caused them to not let their land rest every seventh year –
even though he had provided a double sized crop in the sixth year, so they
could.
Instead, their greed caused them to sell the excess of the
sixth year to buy things that they did not need. Then they were not able to rest in the
seventh year.
So, they ended up working all the time to pay off money they
had borrowed for things that they did not need to impress people that they did
not like. They were trapped in an
endless cycle that left them no time to spend with the Father of Truth or to learn
how to keep His commandments.
As a result, they found themselves searching for answers and
turned to worthless idols for guidance.
This led them to do things they would never have imagined that they
would do – like sacrificing their own children in the very Temple of the Father
of Truth!
Their land was also being ruined by not being given the rest
that it needed. The poor, the foreigner,
and even the wildlife was starving as a result of ever decreasing crop yields.
Soon the whole Congregation of Israel was so entangled in
this system that there was only one remedy – to completely destroy it! So, the Father of Truth destroyed their idols,
the Temple, the weekly Sabbath, and the annual Sabbath, then removed the
Congregation of Israel out of the Promise Land until it could return to the
fruitfulness it once had.
This was not the end of the three types of Sabbath.
The Father of Truth began bringing back the scattered
Congregation of Israel back to the Promise Land after the seventy years of
captivity as He had promised (Jeremiah
29:10-14). However, it will not be
until after the Antichrist is destroyed that this processed will be completed (Daniel
9).
The Father of Truth promised to bring salvation and reveal His
righteousness to any person (circumcised or uncircumcised) that would keep the
commandments of righteousness and also keep the Sabbath according to His
instructions (Isaiah
56:1-2). He will give even
uncircumcised people who were not part of the Congregation of Israel a place in
His Temple and in His City if they will do these things commanded in the Law of
Truth (Isaiah
56:3-5).
These uncircumcised people who were not part of the
Congregation of Israel that did these things will also be brought into His
Temple so that it will be called a house of prayer for all people (Isaiah 56:6-7). When the Father of Truth gathers the
Congregation of Israel back to the Promise Land, He will also gather these other
people with them (Isaiah
56:8).
The Father of Truth will first gather the scattered Congregation
of Israel to the wilderness where He will destroy everyone among them who will not
obey the Law of Truth and only those who will keep the three types of Sabbath
as well as all of the other commandments will enter the Promise Land (Ezekiel
20:33-38). So, the Priest of Truth
will once again pronounce the judgements of the Father of Truth found in the
Law of Truth and they will treat the Sabbath as holy (Ezekiel
44:24).
The Congregation of Israel will worship outside of the
eastern gate of the Temple on the Sabbath every week (Ezekiel
46:1-3). They will also worship at the
Temple every annual Sabbath (feast) (Ezekiel
46:9-11). Even those outside of the
Promise Land will come to Jerusalem to keep the Feast of Tabernacles every year
(Zechariah
14:16-19).
These three types of Sabbath is good in every way and will make
our days like Heaven on Earth when we keep them along with the rest of the
commandments of the Father of Truth (Deuteronomy
11:18-21). So, when there is a New Heaven
and Earth, everyone on the New Earth will keep these three types of Sabbath (Isaiah
66:22-24).
So, these three types of Sabbath will be restored completely
in the future for everyone in the Promise Land.
In fact, everyone on Earth will keep them in the New Earth when the
Father of Truth comes to live among them.
So, how about today?
The weekly Sabbath was made for all people and the Man of
Truth showed us how to keep it (Mark
2:27-28). He kept the annual Sabbaths (feasts) as well (John
7:2-10).
The Apostles of Truth, including Paul the Jew (Shaul aka
Saul aka the Apostle Paul), kept the weekly Sabbath as well as did the uncircumcised
Gentiles that they won over to the Man of Truth (Acts
13:42-44). They also kept the annual
Sabbaths (feasts) with the uncircumcised Gentiles (Acts
20:6).
Those who follow the Man of Truth do not have to keep any of
these three types of Sabbath unless they have obligated themselves to do so by
being circumcised (Galatians
5:3). Those who keep these three
types of Sabbath are not to look down upon those who do not and those who do not
keep them are not to look down upon those who do, because following the Man of
Truth is what matters most (Colossians
2:16-17).
We are called to cause people to keep the commandments of
righteousness (1
Corinthians 6:9-11). We are not
called to cause people to become obligated or unobligated to keep these three
types of Sabbath since keeping the commandments of righteousness is what
matters most (1
Corinthians 7:18-20).
However, just because we are not required to keep these three
types of Sabbath to be part of the Kingdom of the Father of Truth, does not mean
that it is wise for us to not keep them (1
Corinthians 6:12). Keeping these three
types of Sabbath is only a problem when we are doing so to be saved (Galatians
5:4).
We can benefit greatly from keeping these three types of
Sabbath as long as we do not rely on keeping them to make us righteous like the
scribes and Pharisees did (Matthew
5:20). It is the will of the Father
of Truth that we also keep the commandments of righteousness as well when we keep
these three types of Sabbath, because the commandments of righteousness are
more important (Matthew
23:23).
So, we can keep these three types of Sabbath not to be
saved, but because we are saved and want to be greater in the Kingdom of the
Father of Truth (Matthew
5:16-19). We can keep them to follow
the example of the Apostles of Truth (1
Corinthians 11:1-2). We can keep them
to be more like the Man of Truth (1
John 4:16-17).
We can keep the weekly Sabbath like the Man of Truth did (Luke
4:14-16). We can be in the habit of congregating
on the Sabbath every week like the Apostles of Truth were (Acts
17:1-2)
We can still send offerings to help the believers in Israel on
the first Sabbaths (feast days when offerings are to be brought to Jerusalem) (1
Corinthians 16:1-3). We can still observe the annual Sabbaths (feasts) in
part outside the Promise Land and without the Temple (1
Corinthians 16:8).
(The word for “day” (emera) is not in the original Greek text
as indicated by the KJV and other good word-for-word translations by being
italicized. It literally says “first
Sabbath” (mian Sabbaton), which were annual Sabbaths that came before the weekly
Sabbath in the same week - making them the first Sabbath of that week. You can see this in plain Greek here: https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians+16:1-3&version=KJV
.)
We can observe the Sabbath year principles by giving to
those in need and loaning to those who ask us (Matthew
5:42). We can observe them by lending
to others in faith that the Father of Truth will reward us and forgiving their
debts if they cannot repay us (Luke
6:35-37).
We can observe the year of Jubilee principles by proclaiming
liberty to those in bondage and setting them free like the Man of Truth did (Luke
4:18-19). We can observe them by setting
people free from demons and restoring them back to their family (Luke
9:41-42).
However, every effort to observe the three types of Sabbath
will not get anyone into the Kingdom of the Father of Truth (Romans
3:19-20). It is only through faith
in the Man of Truth that anyone can be saved (Romans
3:23-30). It is this faith that
makes us able to keep the three types of Sabbath as the Father of Truth intended
(Romans
3:31).
So, come into the House of Truth by surrendering your life
to the Man of Truth because you believe that the Father of Truth raised him
from the dead, whether or not you are circumcised (Romans
10:9-13). It is only by believing
the Good News that we can truly experience the rest of the three types of
Sabbath (Hebrews
4:2-11).
Come into the House of Truth!
Labels: Feasts of The Lord, Sabbath, The Law, Torah